Window construction



Oct. 3, 1939. o, EDWARDS 2,174,781

WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed April 28, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet l f INVENTOR, W I E7 7 ATTORNEYS Oct. 3, 1939. o. M. EDWARDS I WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed April 28, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Q INVENTOR.

' dw zw fi/ ATTORNEYS.

Patented Oct. 3, 1939 'c irso sar- TENT, OFFHCE Application April 28, 1938, Serial No. 204,832

9 Claims".

This invention relates to window constructions, particularly for railway cars and other vehicles, and has for its Object a readily operable means for securing and releasing a sash, that is held in position, by coacting elements on the sash and window frame engageable and disengageable by-a movement in a direction parallel to the plane of the window frame, and means forhinging the sash so that it can be swung, if desired, after the cam elements have been disengaged.

It further has for its object a window construction in which the means for locking the sash in its normal position and for hinging it is the same means.

It further has for its object a double sash in which onesash is mounted in the window frame and includes a circumferential tirelike member of compressible resilientmaterial and theother sash is compressed against and cushioned by the tirelike member and secured to the window frame by parts which engage and disengage by movement of the second sash in a direction parallel ,to the-first sash, together with means for locking the removable sash from movement and hinging it, if desired, after the clamping parts have been disengaged.

The invention consists in the novel features and in the combinations and constructions hereinafter set forth and claimed.

In describingthis invention, reference is had -to the accompanying drawings in which like characters designate corresponding parts in. all the views.

Figure 1 is a fragmentary elevation of a sash embodying my invention. I

Figure 2 is an enlarged fragmentary plan view of parts seen in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is an edge view, partly in section, looking tothe left in Figure 1, the contiguous portion of the window trim, as the sill and inner stop being also shown.

Figure 4 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view illustrating a modified form of the tirelike member.

Figure 5 is a detail view of the bracket with which the locking and hinging bolt coacts.

Figure 6 is atransverse sectional View on Figure 3 and also showing a slightly modified form of the tirelike member around one of the glass panes.

Figure '7 is a fragmentary elevation of a; sash embodying a slightly modified form of the invention. Y

gurs i an en d, vat on o th br ck with, which-the locking bolt coacts in the structureshovrn in Figure 7.

Figure 9 is a fragmentary sectional View through the sashes showing the tirelike member provided with a relatively soft rubber cushion 5 for conforming to the window frame.

The window construction is of the type shown in my pending application, Serial No. 193,971, filed March 4, 1938.

Idesignates a. window frame to be mounted in 10 -the window, opening of a structure to which the window is applied, as the body of a railway car, bus, aeroplane, ship or other structure.

i. designates a sash frame supporting a glass panel, thisbeing detachably mounted in position and movable into and out of its operative posi- -tion' by edgewise movement in a plane parallel to the plane of the'window frame, in order to engageinterlocking or cam parts on the sash 2 and the" frame I, and thus clamp the sash in position. These cam parts are here shown as hooks 3 along the upper rail of the sash and having inclined or wedge surfaces 4 coacting with the bottom of notches 5 in the upper rail of the window frame I; similar hook-shaped parts 6 on the edge of the side frame members or stiles having inclined surfaces I for coacting with the end Walls of slots 8 formed in the upright members of the-window frame I, and hook or wedge shaped parts It formed by recesses I I in the bottom rail of thesash 2, and coacting with members I2 on the bottom rail of the window frame I. These members- 3,- 6 and Ill are practically Wedges or cams and are engageable with the Window :frame by a rectilinearmovement in a direction parallel to the plane of the window frame.

Thesash 2 is usually'clamped against a tirelike member 13 of another sash, which tirelike member extends around the glass It of the other sash and is of a resilient compressible material, 40 as rubber, so that the tirelike member I3 serves .as a. cushion for' both the sash 2 and the sash consisting of the tirelike member I3 and the glass M; The tirelike member seats against the back wall I5 and in the bottom wal1 L6 of an angular .channel provided in the window frame structure, and the sashl compresses the tirelike member against'the backwall of this channel. The tirelike member seals the air space between the glass :panesE-of the two-sashes, as in my pending appli- ,cationreferredto, and as seen in Figure 4 for increasingthe compression and insuring an airtight joint, the tirelike membermay be formed slightly hollow at I3 (Figure 3) and also if deir s1..-w. h;cor u a on o ure 3) or a sponge rubber layer |1 (Figure 4) may be provided on the side of the tirelike member opposed to the sash 2. The tirelike member is usually formed of extruded or molded rubber, preferably extruded rubber, especially formed to make it impervious to moisture.

Also, as seen in Figure 9, the tirelike member may be provided with a softer cushioning strip, as of sponge rubber |1 so that when the sash is clamped against the tirelike member and the tirelike member clamped against the back wall it of the channel of the window frame structure, all crevices that might occur, due to variations in the window frame structure, are tightly closed. With the harder rubber of the tirelike member, crevices might be left, due to the harder rubber bridging over slight depressions or variations instead of conforming thereto.

When the sash 2 is demounted, the other sash including the tirelike member may be readily demounted. It is not necessary to demount the sashesexcept for replacing broken glass. It is, however, desirable to shift or open the sash 2 which is located on the inner side of the body of the vehicle/for the purpose of washing the windows. In washing windows, it may be desirable not to entirely demount the inner sash 2 but to swing it outwardly about a hinge.

In order that the sash or closure including the glass panel l4 and tirelike member |3 may be held in position against inadvertent displacement, when the closure 2 is swung on its hinge or demounted, the bottom of the channel inthe frame it against which the tirelike member abuts is formed slightly concave, as shown at ||i (Figures 3 and 4).

The prinicpal object of this invention is a hinge construction which serves to hinge the sash to permit opening thereof without entirely demounting the sash, after the cam parts 3, B and I have been disengaged from. the complemental parts on the window frame.

In the illustrated embodiment of my invention, this means also serves the purpose of holding the cam parts engaged when the sash 2 is in its operative or mounted position. This means consists of readily operable spring-pressed bolts coacting with sockets on the window frame, the sockets being spaced apart to receive the bolts when the sash is in mounted or operative position and also receive the bolts when the sash is lifted or moved in a plane parallel to the plane of the window frame to disengage the cam parts in order that the bolts may act as hinge-pins or pivots.

I8 designates the bolts, which are carried in the channel IS in the upper rail of the sash 2, these being pressed outwardly by springs 29 to press the ends 2| thereof into sockets 22 formed in brackets 23 extending upwardly from the side members of the window frame I at the rounding corners thereof. It will be understood that the window frame is bent into rectangular formation from strips, angular in cross-section, and hence, the frame has rounding corners. The exterior angles of the corners are filled out or squared by gusset plates 24. The brackets 23 extend upwardly from the side members along the edge of the gusset plate 24. The bolts preferably extend along the top rail near the center thereof where they are provided with handle portions 25 extending through slots 26 in the window frame I. The handles 25 are so arranged that they can be grasped by one hand and pinched toward each other for withdrawing the bolts against their returning springs. These bolts also coact with additional set of sockets 21 in the brackets above the sockets 22 and located to receive the ends 2| of the bolts l8, when the sash 2 is in its position assumed when the cam parts are disengaged. When the sash 2 is in normal position, at which time the cam parts are engaged, the ends 2| of the bolts l8 are in the sockets 22, and hence lock the sash 2 from unintentional shifting that might jar the sash sufnciently to disengage the cam parts. Upon withdrawal of the bolts from the sockets 22 by pinching the handles 25 toward each other, the sash is lifted to disengage the cam parts and may be entirely demounted or the bolts may enter the sockets 21 so that the bolts l8 act as a hinge while the lower end of the sash 2 is swung open. Preferably, there is a guide passage 28 between the sockets 22, 21 through which the ends 2| of the bolts pass when withdrawn from the socket 22. This passage or groove 28 permits the bolt to clear the socket 22 with less movement of the bolt than is required to withdraw it entirely out of the socket 21. Hence, if the sash 2 is to be entirely demounted, a greater withdrawing movement must be applied to entirely demount the sash 2 than to hinge it.

Means may be provided to limit the withdrawing movement of the bolts |8 to an amount sufficient to withdraw the ends of the bolts out of the sockets 22 into alinement with the passages 28 but not far enough to withdraw them sufficiently to entirely clear the sockets 21, this means being operable to permit the bolts to be completely withdrawn out of or clear the sockets 21 to entirely demount the sash.

As here shown, this means comprises a member 29 arranged between the pinch handles 25 with suflicient space between said member to limit the movement of the pinch handles 25 and the bolts l8, when the bolts have been withdrawn sufiiciently to release them, from the sockets 22 with the ends 2| in alinement with the passages 28, the member 29 being oblong in shape or in the form of a button with its ends opposed to the handles 25 and being operable about its center as an axis, so that there is a greater clearance between the sides of the elongated member and the handles 25 so that the handles can be pinched further toward each other to permit withdrawal of the bolts completely out of the sockets 21, so that the sash can be demounted. If the sash is not to be demounted, but is to be swung outwardly about the bolts, as hinges, the member 29 is left in its normal position, so that after the sash 2 is raised, and the ends 2| of the bolts l8 are in the outer ends of the sockets 21, the outer ends will completely enter the sockets when the handles are released. When, however, the member 29 is given a quarter turn and occupies the dotted line position, the handles 25 can be pinched toward each other far enough to cause the ends of the bolts to entirely clear the sockets 21 or the brackets 23 so that the sash can be entirely demounted. The member 29 is secured to the sash 2 by a pivot 30 in the form of a screw extending axially through the member 29 and threading into the sash 2 between the pinch handles, and the member 29 is mounted on the screw to have an axial shifting movement against a spring, as 3|, encircling the screw and thrusting at one end against the head thereof and its other end against the bottom of a socket in the member 29, and in which the outer end of the screw is located. The member 29 is held in its normal position by impositive holding means consisting of points or poppets 32 on opposite sides of its axis and ,coacti'ng sockets in the window frame. A sufficient turning force applied to the member 29 causes the poppets toride out of their sockets and in so doing shift the member 29 outwardly axially against the action of the spring.

In operation, by pinching the handles 25 toward each other, with the member 29 in normal position, the ends 2| of the bolts I8 are withdrawn out of sockets 22 and into alinement with the passages 28, whereupon the sash 2 can be lifted sufficiently to disengage the cam parts. The lifting brings the ends 2| of the bolts l8 into alinement with the sockets 21 into which they are pressed by the springs 20' acting on the bolts l8, so that now the sash 2 can be swung outward about the bolts as'hinge-pins. The sash is provided with a'suitable handle 33 on its bottom. rail, and in performing the operation just described, the handles 25 are pinched toward each other with one hand and a lifting force applied to the handle 33 with the other hand. The handle 33 extends the length of the bottom rail and is so constructed as to withstand prying, if necessary, to lift the sash 2 upwardly and break the tight seal afforded by the tirelike member against the sash 2. When the sash 2 is thus lifted, it can be either swung on its pivot or entirely removed without removal of any part of the window trim, as the sill S or window stops W, as seen in Figures 3 and 6.

During this operation, the member 29 in normal position prevents withdrawal of the bolts l8 far enough to become disengaged from the sockets 21 after the sash has been lifted. When it is desired to entirely demount the sash 2, the member 29 is shifted about its axis into the dotted line position, and then the pinch handles 25 are pinched toward each other to fullest extent, so that upon withdrawal of the bolts l8 and lifting of the sash suificiently to disengage the cam parts, the sash 2, instead of hinging, can be entirely demounted.

In the construction shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3, the sash is squared at the corners, as described, to fit into a rectangular window opening in the body structure. In some structures, the window opening is rounded at the corners, and hence, the window sash is not squared at the rounding corners. In order to provide the locking and hinging means, for such a construction, the brackets 23 (Figure 7) corresponding to the brackets 23 are mounted on one of the rails, as the top rail of the window frame l between the rounding corners, the brackets being provided with the openings 22 and 27 and the passage 28 connecting them for coacting with the end 2P of the sliding bolt I B By this location of the brackets 23*, a sash with rounding corners can be swung open about the bolts acting as hinge-pins when in the brackets 23 The operation of the sash shown in Figure '7 is the same as that shown in Figure 1.

What I claim is:

1. The combination with a window frame, of a sash mountable in the frame, cooperating cam means including coacting parts on the frame and on the sash for securing the sash to the frame upon movement of the sash in a general direction parallel to the plane of the frame, and a single means operable to lock the sash to the frame from shifting movement when the cam parts are engaged and for hinging the sash to the frame,

after the sash is shifted in its plane to disengage the cam parts. I

2. The combination with a window frame, of a sash mountable in the frame and cooperating means on the frame and on the sash for securing the sash to the frame upon movement of the sash in a general direction parallel to the plane of the frame, and a single means operable to lock the sash from movement, when the first means is in engaged position and for hinging the sash to the frame, after the sash is shifted to disengage the first means.

3. The combination with a window frame, of a sash mountable in the frame, and cooperating means on the frame and on the sash for securing the sash to the frame upon movement of the sash in a general direction parallel to the plane of the frame, a single means operable to lock the sash from movement, when the first means is, in engaged position and for hinging the sash to the frame, after the sash is shifted to disengage the first means, the second-mentioned means including spring-pressed bolts on the sash and sockets arranged to coact with the bolts when the sash is in its operative position, and the first-mentioned means are engaged, and when the sash is operated to disengagethe first-mentioned means.

4. The combination with a window frame, of a sash mountable in the frame, and cooperating means including coacting parts on the frame and on the sash for securing the sash to the frame upon movement of the sash in a general direction parallel to the plane of the sash, a single means operable to lock the sash from shifting movement when the cam parts are engaged and for hinging the sash to the frame, when the sash is shifted in its plane to disengage the cam parts, the single means including spring-pressed bolts on the sash and spaced apart sockets on the frame for receiving the bolts, the sockets being arranged to receive the bolts, when the cam parts are engaged and when the cam parts are disengaged.

5. The combination with a window frame, of a sash mountable in the frame, cooperating parts on the sash and the frame for securing the sash to the frame upon movement of the sash in a general direction parallel to the plane of the frame, and means operable to look the sash from shifting movement when said parts are engaged and for hinging the sash to the frame, after the sash is shifted to disengage the said parts, and means normally preventing the operation of said locking means sufficiently to unhinge the sash and operable into a position to permit the operation of said locking means sufficiently to unhinge the sash.

6. The combination with a window frame, of a sash mountable in the frame, and cooperating parts on the frame and on the sash for securing the sash to the frame upon movement of the sash in a general direction parallel to the plane of the frame, a single means operable to lock the sash from movement, when the said parts are engaged and for hinging the sash to the frame, after the sash is shifted to disengage said parts, said looking means including a spring-pressed bolt on the sash and a pair of sockets arranged to coact with the bolt when the sash is in its normally closed position, and said parts are engaged, and when the sash is shifted to disengage the first-mentioned means, and a guide passage for the end of the bolt between the guide passages opening through opposite sides of the sockets at the entrance ends thereof whereby greater withdrawing movement of the bolt is required to withdraw the bolt from the socket in which its end is located when hinging the sash than when in the socket in which its end is located when locking the sash, and means normally limiting the withdrawing movement of the bolt to an extent sufficiently to withdraw it only into the guide passage and operable into position to permit full withdrawal of the bolt.

7. The combination with a window frame, of a sash mountable in the frame, cooperating parts on the sash and the frame for securing the sash to the frame upon movement of the sash in a general direction parallel to the plane of the frame, means operable to lock the sash from shifting movement when said parts are engaged and for hinging the sash to the frame, after the sash is shifted to disengage said parts, said means including spring-pressed bolts carried by the sash and their ends extending beyond opposite edges of the sash, the bolts having handles arranged in pinch-handle relation to each other, the frame being formed with a pair of sockets for receiving the end of each bolt and a guide passage between the sockets opening through the sides thereof at their entrance ends, and means normally preventing the operation of said locking means sufiiciently to unhinge the sash and operable into a position to permit the operation of said locking means sufficiently to unhinge the sash, the last means comprising a blocking member arranged between the handles and normally spaced apart therefrom sufliciently to permit partial withdrawal only of the bolts and shiftable into a position to complete full withdrawal of the bolts out of the sockets.

8. The combination with a window frame, of a sash mounted within the frame, and cooperating means including parts on the frame and on the sash for clamping the sash in position upon movement of the sash in a general direction parallel to the plane of the frame, and means for hinging the sash to the frame, when the sash is shifted a predetermined distance to disengage the clamping means, the hinging means including sockets associated with the frame, and springpressed bolts coacting with the sockets and operable entirely out of engagement with the sockets to permit demounting of the sash, the bolts being movable into alinement with the sockets upon shifting of the sash from normal position in a general direction parallel to the plane of the frame sumcient to disengage said clamping means.

9. The combination with a window frame, of a sash mountable in the frame, and cooperating means on the frame and on the sash for securing the sash to the frame upon movement of the sash in a general direction parallel to the plane of the frame, a single means operable to lock the sash from movement, when the first means is in engaged position and for hinging the sash to the frame, after the sash is shifted to disengage the first means, the second-mentioned means including spring-pressed bolts on the sash and sockets arranged to coact with the bolts when the sash is in its operative position, and the first-mentioned means are engaged, and when the sash is operated to disengage the first-mentioned means, there being a pair of sockets for each bolt, and a guide groove between the entrance ends of the sockets of the pair opening through the sides of the sockets.

OLIVER. M. EDWARDS. 

